Key findings: P0309.3 - Mortality and causes of death in South Africa: Findings from death notification, 2024

Key findings: P0309.3 – Mortality and causes of death in South Africa, 2024: Findings from death notifications

 

This report provides information on levels, trends and patterns in mortality and cause of death by socio-demographic and geographic characteristics. The mortality and cause of death indicators presented in this report are critical for measuring the health status of the South African population. The main focus of this report is on 2024 death occurrences, however, information on deaths that occurred during the period 2003 to 2023 is included to show trends.

 

The total number of deaths recorded for 2024 was 474 366. The proportion of male to female deaths was almost the same from infancy until age group 15–19 after which there were more male deaths than female deaths. The highest number of deaths amongst females were aged 70-74 (9,5%) and for males it was those aged 60-64 at 9,2%. The lowest number was observed among those aged 5–9 for both sexes 5–9 at 0,6% for males and 0,5% for females.

 

Geographic distribution of deaths by province of death occurrence show that the highest proportion of deaths (21,2%) occurred in Gauteng province, followed by KwaZulu-Natal (18,8%) and then Eastern Cape (16,3%). The lowest proportion of deaths occurred in Northern Cape (3,1%). The highest proportion of deaths occurred hospitals (40,6%) followed by deaths occurring at home (23,3%).

 

The top three causes of death in 2024 were due to non-communicable diseases, with diabetes accounting for 6,1% deaths, followed by hypertensive diseases and cerebrovascular diseases at 5,5% and 5,4% respectively. Tuberculosis was the leading cause of death amongst males accounting for 4,8 male deaths while diabetes mellitus was the leading cause of death amongst females responsible for 7,9% deaths.

 

Looking at leading causes of deaths by age groups, influenza and pneumonia were in the top ten leading causes of death for all age groups. Other forms of heart diseases were part of the ten underlying causes of death in all age groups, except for infants. Intestinal infectious diseases were among the ten leading underlying causes of death for children, accounting for 6,2% of infant deaths and 6,5% of deaths to children aged 1–14 years. The leading underlying cause of death for infants (age 0) was respiratory and cardiovascular disorders specific to the perinatal period, responsible for 15,5% of deaths. Influenza and pneumonia were the leading underlying cause of death for age group 1–14 years, accounting for 7,9% of deaths while human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), was the leading underlying cause of death among those aged 15–44 accounting for 12,0% deaths. For age group 45–64 years, diabetes mellitus was the leading cause of death responsible for 7,9% deaths and finally hypertensive diseases were the leading cause of death for those aged 65 years and older at 9,6%. KwaZulu-Natal (14,6%) had the highest proportion of deaths due to non-natural causes followed closely by Gauteng (14,2%). Within non-natural causes, Western Cape had the highest proportion of deaths due to assault (17,5%) and Limpopo had the highest proportion of transport accidents (20,1%).